The Sham of "Christian" Zionism
How Christian Theology and Basic Facts Make Evangelical Zionism Fall Apart
A common problem exists among many Christian Americans: they embrace the vile ideology of Zionism, with a considerable portion of the population claiming this is an essential part of their faith.
This poison prevents them from holding a consistent so-called “America First” position, which many of them would be sympathetic to on most other planks. For example, many of the Evangelicals of today who are largely considered part of MAGA hold a principled stance against American intervention in Ukraine and support scaling back our military presence abroad; almost three-out-of-four MAGA Republicans are against aid for Ukraine. But when it comes to Israel, there is a contradiction: they do support funding and backing the State of Israel, against their own interests and often almost entirely due to their closely held “essential religious beliefs.”
Now seen as the normal state for Protestant Christianity is the extreme religious Zionism common amongst them, especially in America but also to an extent in Latin America and other areas with large protestant populations. In the United States, 80% of Evangelicals believe the 1948 foundation of Israel marked a fulfillment of futurist Old Testament prophecy; furthermore, American Protestants as a whole are more likely to back Israel. [1][2] Out of the Protestant groupings, Evangelicals are considerably the most devout, as many mainline denominations have had drastic changes in longstanding doctrine and suffered consistent declines in membership compared to Evangelicals. [3] While many Christian Zionists have tried to claim continuity with the spirit of the Protestant Reformation of the 16th century [4], this is simply not true. The Zionism embraced by a large contingent of modern Protestants bears nothing but some superficial similarities with the theology of the Reformation: The main early reformers did not hold an eschatological position that the Jews would return to the Holy Land - according to religious historian Crawford Gribben:
This latter-day conversion of the Jews to the Christian faith was to become a staple component of subsequent puritan eschatology, but is an expectation absent from the writings of the earlier Reformers. Calvin’s understanding was that the passage which appeared to teach the latter-day conversion of the Jews—Romans 9—11—only referred to ‘spiritual Israel’, not Jews but the elect of all ages, places, and nationalities. [5]
Furthermore, if one were to try and claim that in the Puritan tradition one may find continuity to those Protestants of today claiming a fulfillment of prophecy in 48', this also would not hold up; Yes, there is a Puritan basis for the idea that Jews will return to Palestine, but this is very different from the Zionism that several modern Protestants hold. While many modern Protestants hold that the 1948 founding of the State of Israel was the fulfillment of biblical prophecy, Israel was founded primarily by secularist atheists [6], and as an openly non-Christian state, it is quite far from a conversion of the Jewish people to Christianity. Furthermore, if you trace the Zionist project further, you will see that the founder of modern Zionism, Theodor Herzl, was deeply irreligious (he didn’t even circumcise his son Hans) as well and the main backers of Zionism did so for secular and imperialistic reasons as well (Balfour Declaration of 1917). [7] This contradicts the common Puritan view that the Jews will convert to Christianity before or at the same time as their restoration to the Holy Land. As theologian Peter Toon put it:
Of course, those who expected the conversion of the Jews added to Romans 11 other proof-texts from the Old and New Testament. Furthermore, a large proportion of those who took “Israel” in Romans 11:25 ff. to speak of Jews, also taught that there would be a restoration of Jews to their ancient homeland in the Near East either after, or at the same time as, their conversion to Christ. [8]
As we know, there was no mass conversion of Jews to Christianity before or during the 1948 foundation of the State of Israel. Thus, it makes it extremely hard to believe that any Puritan would have interpreted what happened in 1948 as the “fulfillment” of any Biblical prophecy. One might ask, given all of this, if there is no basis in the Reformation or the Puritans, then where did this belief come from? The answer is that the novelty known as “Christian Zionism” largely traces back to 19th-century Britain, in particular Darbyism, which arose from the Anglo-Irish Bible teacher John Nelson Darby and held that there would be a resumption of Israel’s earthly destiny, meaning the re-establishment of the biblical Kingdom of Israel. [9]
This modern dispensationalism promoted and popularized by Darby is false from a point of view rooted in the Christian Reformation and is instead a syncretic religious position that strays from Christianity, as Daniel Artur Branco states in his article Dispensationalism and Orthodox Eschatology:
It is necessary to Christian Judaizing elements, that justification is no longer by faith alone. This is according to all the teachings of the Lutheran Church and if the entire Lutheran theology is studied it becomes even clearer. In fact, dispensationalism is not only an eschatological opinion, but a syncretic and Judaizing* worldview, that includes justification in the abstract without the incarnated Jesus election even after the rejection of Jesus; the mixing between Gospel and Law by Zionistic political militancy – also the likening of the political enemies [of the State of Israel], such as the Iranians and Iraqis, to biblical Babylonians; refusal of the sacraments as the real Means of Grace; denying the Gospel by belief in the necessity of the reintroduction of ritual and political elements of the Law in the Millennium; and the furthering of the defense of the tenets of the supremacist doctrine of race (in this case, the Jewish race) even after the work of Christ on Earth. [10]
* Refers to the promotion of Jewish syncretism in Christianity
Furthermore, while Evangelicals claim biblical references* to support their stances, none of these references back their claims. They ignore the mysticism of Christianity, focusing especially on a temporal Jerusalem and, in this process, ignoring what Jesus said about the mystical church. Again, referring to Branco in Dispensationalism and Orthodox Eschatology:
*Acts 1:6-7, Gal. 2:7-9, 1 Cor. 15: 51-52, 1 Thess. 4:15-17 and chapter 11 of Romans and chapter 20 of Revelation
The apostle Paul talks about God’s prophecy and God’s sovereignty to both Jewish and Gentile audiences. God sovereignly used the Jewish people for the future salvation of Gentiles and at the same time God was sincere with Israel, but the Jews denied God. It was then that God’s promises were readapted into a new context, that is, into the Gentile context. Luke shows this in Acts 1:6-7, where it is said: “When they therefore came together, they asked of him, saying, Lord, wilt thou at this time restore again the kingdom to Israel? And he said unto them, It is not for you to know the times or the seasons, which the Father hath put in his own power”. Here Jesus doesn’t endorse the idea of a Jewish kingdom, but the idea that the mystical church, that shared his body, is truly the kingdom of Israel and the city of the church is the mystical Jerusalem (not the temporal Jerusalem). In context, God’s promises are mystically applied to Christianity. In Galatians 2:7-9 it was not taught that there exists two churches, a Jewish and a Gentile church, but different customs. Until the present day the Ethiopian Church has the custom of circumcising its members. It’s different from making circumcision a duty to believers. Paul says that going back to the law is disconnecting from Christ. Likewise neither 1 Cor. 15: 51-52 nor 1 Thess. 4:15-17 teaches a rapture, but the coming of Christ in the air to the judgment of all mankind, the dead and the living. In this return, “so shall we ever be with the Lord”( 1 Thess. 4:17). The [usage in Romans 11:16-24 of the] terms “olive tree” to Israel and “branches” to Gentiles and the strong language of Paul concerning the relationship of the Jewish nation and God, may seem a dispensational teaching, but it is a false notion. The eleventh chapter of Romans was written after Paul teaches that now the Gentile believers have the same rights that Jewish believers have.[11]
By misusing scripture to justify the establishment of a ‘Jewish Kingdom’ in the Holy Land, Christian Zionists fall into the error of being blind to the biblical message that the church is the Kingdom of Israel. Branco, in his book, goes into much greater detail into how the Evangelical Zionist position and the dispensationalist position are false from a Biblical point of view, dismantling it at every step.
As we know, this position was fundamentally in the interests of the British Empire, and it definitely was not in the best interests of Christians. Before the British interfered in Palestine, there was far greater religious harmony in the region, but when one looks at 1948, you can see it marked the beginning of a period of persecution against Christians and the desecration of Christian holy sites. [12] [13] As Mitri Raheb said in The Politics Of Persecution: Middle Eastern Christians In An Age Of Empire, “in the 1948 War, 35 percent of all Christians living in Palestine lost their possessions, their work, their land, and their homes.” [14] This, along with a rapid decline, Christians went from forming around 8% of the population in Palestine to around 2.8%, were it not for the mass displacement by Israel Christians in Palestine would now number around 600,000. [15] If these horrors happened, then why did Christians support Zionism? Well, Evangelical leaders such as Billy Graham, who, according to historian Grant Wacker, was one of the most influential Christian figures of the 20th century, were heavily connected to the American government and their foreign policy agenda. [16] [17] [18] Given this, it's not surprising that in the 1960s, when America had solidified a consistent and strong alliance with the State of Israel, Evangelical leaders such as Graham began to stress the importance of the State of Israel and make more overtly political connections with the Zionist state by meeting with Israeli Prime Minister Ben-Gurion and emphasizing Christian support for Israel. [19] And it wasn’t just the Evangelical leaders’ ties to the American government but also to the Israelis; take the example of Minister Jerry Falwell, leader of the so-called “Moral Majority” organization, a major Christian right-wing movement in the 1970s. Falwell took direct orders from Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin, following his command faithfully and defending Israeli conduct, such as Israeli bombings, to American Christians. [20] Falwell came to be regarded as ‘Israel’s American spokesman', and as his chief of staff put it, he was always on the “side of supporting Israel.” [21] Given that Evangelicals already had experience with this theology, the coordinated campaign to boost support for Israel didn’t need that much effort to convince the Zionist-leaning Evangelicals.
This all harkens back to a larger issue with self-described Evangelical Christians, whose leaders are often fulfilling the strategic goals of the CIA and American intelligence apparatus. There are many instances of this, such as in the 2000s when the Evangelical NGO Humanitarian International Services Group turned out to be a Pentagon operation for intelligence gathering, and the leader of this group, Kay Hiramine, a spy. [22] Both President Gerald Ford and multiple CIA directors have admitted to the use of these missionaries to serve American interests, with other examples such as the New Tribes Mission in Venezuela, which was expelled for its CIA ties in 2005. [23] In Latin America, Evangelicalism is a force for policies beneficial to the United States and Israel. [24] Evangelicals need to wake up to the fact of who they are truly serving right now; clearly, it isn’t Jesus. They need to decide whether they want to be the tools of anti-Christian forces bent on a globalist agenda or authentically serve Christ.
American Protestants do have highly respected theologians they can look to for guidance on the issue of zionism. Arno C. Gaebelein, a well-respected Evangelical who was a minister from 1879 until his death in 1945, consistently argued against partnering with the Zionists, stating that the movement is “one of unbelief and confidence in themselves instead of God's eternal purposes.” [25] He contended that Zionism was neither a “divinely promised restoration of Israel” nor “the fulfillment of the large number of predictions found in the Old Testament Scriptures.” [26] Gaebelein was among the Evangelicals who rejected Christian Zionism and saw their attempt to “speed the arrival of the messiah through political work” as a sign of their impiety. [27] He pointed out how Christian Zionists, rather than trusting God and putting their faith in him, put their faith and focus on the elites and on “their riches, their influence, their Colonial Bank.” [28] Christians should not be allying with these bourgeois elites over the masses under any circumstances, especially when these elites are targeting fellow Christians and innocent civilians in Palestine and the broader region. Whether it be Billy Graham and his ties to the US government, American evangelist William Blackstone’s support for British elites and ties to corporate leaders, or the Evangelical spies for American intelligence, none of these self-proclaimed Christians are serving Christ; instead, they turn their backs on their brothers and tolerate, and furthermore condone, grave evils.
Christians in the Holy Land are overwhelmingly anti-Zionist. In fact, many leaders of the Palestinian resistance, both past and present, have been Christians. The now deceased George Habash was the leader of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) resistance organisation and had a Christian background. [29] The current secretary-general of the Democratic Front for the Liberation of Palestine (DFLP), another Palestinian resistance organisation, Nayef Hawatmeh, is a practicing Catholic. [30] Palestinian Christians, many with a heritage tracing back to the early followers of Christ, have a rich history in the Holy Land and have often been at the forefront alongside their Muslim compatriots against Zionism. Christians ran Falastin, one of the most prominent anti-Zionist publications in Palestine which operated from 1911 to 1967. [31] When American Evangelicals rail against Palestine and cheer on Israel, they betray their brothers in faith; as is said in the 1st Epistle of St. Paul to the Thessalonians, “edify one another, as you also do.” Currently, Evangelicals are instead backing the wholesale destruction of Palestinian families for nothing other than the falsehoods peddled by the pro-Israel elite in Washington DC, Wall Street, and elsewhere.
Now there are some American Protestants, pushing back against this warped dynamic contradictory to biblical morals. In particular, Thomas Massie, a methodist (whose church has Evangelical elements), says he is guided primarily in foreign policy by the biblical principle “to treat others as you would want to be treated,” encapsulated in Luke 6:31. [32] This has led Thomas Massie to support policies such as engagement with the DPRK (North Korea) rather than a policy of isolation; it has also led to Massie discussing how supporting Zionism is at odds with being a good American patriot, as well as rejecting all legislation aimed at supporting Israel militarily or politically. [33] [34] [35] It is truly rare to see an American official who puts their faith front and center like this and focuses on duty to their country and biblical values. Massie's unique approach to foreign policy and his unwavering commitment to his principles have garnered attacks from the elites who run this country but that hasn't dissuaded him. His dedication to aligning his political decisions with his religious beliefs sets him apart in a field where personal values are often overshadowed by political expediency. Massie is not opposing the theft of American tax dollars to fund genocide abroad in spite of his faith; rather, he is doing this because of his religious convictions, because he is trying to always be a better Christian.
Christian Zionist rhetoric, ironically, has consistently been anti-Christian. The famous Christian Zionist phrase “A land without a people for a people without a land” was coined by Rev. Alexander Keith, D.D., when he stated the following in 1843:
Therefore are wanderers throughout the world, who have nowhere found a place on which the sole of their foot could rest — a people without a country; even as their own land, as subsequently to be shown, is in a great measure a country without a people. [36]
This description of the Holy Land erases the descendants of the original followers of Jesus, in effect erasing the history of early Christianity through blatant lies and phony historical revisionism. It comes as no surprise, given this, that when faced with violent Zionist crimes against the ancient Christian population of the Holy Land, they simply wave it away as either fake or justified, given that Jews are, in their view, the chosen people. In this vein, Billy Graham voiced this openly, stating how his totally uncritical support for Israel is due to his belief that “the Jews are God’s chosen people” and that, due to this, “we cannot place ourselves in opposition without detriment to ourselves.” [37] This (as we proved earlier) false view of Christianity is extremely dangerous to the very real Christians in the Holy Land, who, to the joy of modern Evangelical leaders, are being relegated to a status of inferiority. After all, Israel is a country in which priests can expect to be spitted on by Zionists if they utilize their right to freedom of movement while in clerical garb. [38] In a land with so many Christian holy sites, Christians comparatively have so little freedom. Rest assured, this is nothing other than official Israeli state policy; in the words of Israel’s Minister of National Security, Itamar Ben-Gvir spitting on Christians rather than being an immoral and illegal act is instead “an ancient Jewish custom.” [39]
And attacks on holy sites are not just a thing of the 1940s. The Church of Gethsemane has seen arson attacks [40] and had Zionists break in and attack Christians with metal rods [41]. This Christian holy site is where Jesus prayed before his arrest. In February 2023, a Zionist defamed the Church of the Flagellation, where Jesus hauled his cross toward crucifixion, clergy are regularly harassed and churches vandalized in Israel as a common occurrence [42] At the same time, Christian clergy and civilians are subjected to violent attacks frequently, such as the Armenian Church in Jerusalem alone suffering multiple such incidents in January and December 2023 [43, 44]. The Armenian quarter also broadly saw such mob attacks, in which Zionist extremists trashed an Armenian restaurant while shouting “death to Christians, death to Arabs!” [45]. The harassment and violent attacks against Christians by Zionist Israeli extremists are a near daily experience according to Christian locals and various church officials of all creeds, with very little attention or outcry from the Christian West [46, 47].
This all highlights the situation that Evangelicals have ignored at best and contributed to at worst. Their erasure of their Christian brothers in the holy land has given a free hand to the Zionists to pursue a policy of genocide and wiping out of the Christians in Israel just as they are doing with the Muslims. Due to Israeli policies, the Christian population of Jerusalem has fallen from 25% in 1922 to 2% of the population in the present day. [48] The Zionists won’t stop until they make up 0%. If anyone thinks this is exaggerated, I beg them to consider the carnage currently taking place in Gaza, where Israeli bombs are not only targeting mosques but also Christian churches, including the Gaza Baptist Church, a house of worship for Evangelicals, which, according to the Baptist World Alliance, "has suffered damage from the recent bombings and will require resources to repair and rebuild." [49] Keep in mind that this isn’t the only time Israel has bombed the Gaza Baptist Church; this has happened multiple times and the Palestinian Bible Society has also been hit by Israeli bombs. [50] Furthermore, the Israeli blockade also obviously hurts the Evangelical flock in Israel by reducing the Gaza Strip to starvation, mass unemployment, and an overall unstable environment. [51] Baptists in Gaza who have been sheltering in the remnants of their church “no longer have the energy to suffer,” according to Shady Al-Najjar, a church leader of Gaza’s Baptist congregation. [52] Al-Najjar provided a detailed account of the horrors that the Baptist congregation in Gaza faces daily, “Our days are useless, our children are collapsing in fear, without education, and life has become very difficult.” [53] He added that they are “surprised by the silence of the world” during all of this. [54] Israel, during this ongoing slaughter, also targeted Gaza’s oldest church, the Saint Porphyrius Church in Gaza City, bombing this historic Christian site, further revealing their intent to wipe out Christians in the region. [55] Make no mistake, this is genocide, and it will continue until they are all dead or forced out.
Contrast the actions of Israel to the Islamic Resistance Movement, which, while a Christian in America or elsewhere may not agree with, they must recognize how their Christian brethren in Gaza see them.
Let’s look at Father Manuel Musallam, who was pastor at the Holy Family Church for 14 years from 1995 until his retirement in 2009 and founded the Christian-Islamic Forum in Gaza. [56] Not only has Father Musallam stated that Christians in Gaza do not fear "attacks by Muslims," he has also added that Christians "have friends in Hamas." [57] On the subject of Hamas’ alleged persecutions of Christians, he utterly rejects this allegation, asking, "Those who claim that Hamas persecutes the Christians in Gaza, who are you?" adding that "our destiny is one, our land is one, and we are carrying the same rifle, walking in the same direction and facing the same fate. If Hamas was not a friend, who else could be?” [58] This is evidenced by data, according to a 2020 poll by the Palestinian Centre for Policy and Survey Research, Palestinian Christians overwhelmingly do not experience discrimination and instead feel integrated in Palestinian society. [59] Furthermore, there are five Christian schools in Gaza. [60] Father Musallam clearly expressed the disposition of Hamas toward the Gazan Christians, saying that Hamas is “always clear and supportive towards the Christian spectrum.” [61] This is someone who has had a working relationship with Hamas.
Ismail Haniyeh (now the current chairman of Hamas’ political bureau) worked with Father Musallam to support the protection of Christians and churches. [62] Ismail Haniyeh has condemned all attacks on Christian worshippers and churches, whether by Muslims or by Israel. [63] [64] In fact, Ismail Haniyeh has called Christians “partners in the homeland” and recognized the “Christian martyrs and detainees.” [65] Archbishop Alexios of Tiberias, who has been deeply involved with Gaza’s Christian community, praised Hamas for taking proactive steps to protect Christians, following an uptick in activities by a local salafist group. [66] Not only does Hamas provide security to churches and rally against any anti-Christian sentiments, it in fact celebrates Palestinian Christians: recognizing Christian contribution to Palestinian resistance and always wishing them well and giving their warmest wishes to Christians during their holy days, whether it be Easter or Christmas. [67] [68]
Hamas is welcomed into churches, such as in late December 2020 when a Hamas delegation of senior officials and Muslim clerics visited the Holy Family Church in Gaza City and were warmly received by Father Gabriel Romanelli, whom they congratulated on his recovery after receiving medical treatment, and his curate, Father Youssef Asaad. The delegation declared the visit recognized the larger national role played by Father Romanelli, and the Head of the High Judicial Council, who was part of the delegation, spoke of how the Quran and Palestinian law affirmed an equal degree of citizenship for both Muslims and Christians. [69] Father Musallam has condemned not only Israel’s attacks on Hamas but he has also condemned Mahmoud Abbas for his sanctions against Hamas, stating in 2018, “We have to break Ramallah’s siege imposed on Gaza. Set up your tents near Al-Moqata’a [Abbas’ headquarters] for Gaza.” [70]
For Christians in America to be respectful to their Palestinian brothers, they should, if they are thinking of insulting Hamas, take Father Musallam’s advice: “Go wherever you want and be in the arms of whomever you wish, but let us liberate our homeland and shut your mouths on the resistance fighters.” [71] There is no equivalency between the bloodthirsty Israel and Hamas. All of this goes without mentioning that besides just Hamas, there are other Palestinian resistance groups in Gaza of various ideologies that are allied with Hamas, several of which are led by Christians and/or have Christian membership, such as the aforementioned PFLP and DFLP.
Evangelicals can either align with the increasing portion of the population waking up to the satanic imperialist policy being peddled by the globalists sitting in Wall Street and Washington DC; or they can, in contradiction of their Christian faith, back the killing of fellow Christians and side with the pagan elites who also seek to destroy Christian way of life.
Zionism has no basis in Christian theology as it is based in unbelief and self-confidence contrary to faith in God.
Zionism is contrary to American interests; a Christian who cares about their country as they should cannot be a good patriot while supporting Zionism.
Zionism means denying the existence of your Christian brothers in the Holy Land, backing the genocide of these descendants of early Christians, and the erasure of Christian holy sites.
To be a Zionist, one must place their faith in the elites promoting Zionism rather than God and Christian biblical morality.
Remember that no man can serve two masters.
References
Protestant support for Israel
[4] Foreign and Commonwealth Office https://archive.ph/i2ywf
Christian Zionism, a phony theology
[5] Crawford Gribben, The Puritan Millennium: Literature & Theology, 1550–1682 (Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2000), pp. 39–40.
[6] https://www.vision.org/biography-david-ben-gurion-500
[7] Goldman, Shalom. Zeal for Zion: Christians, Jews, & the Idea of the Promised Land. p. 134.
[8] Toon, “Conclusion,” in Toon, Puritans, p. 126.
[9] Branco, Daniel. Dispensationalism and Orthodox Eschatology. p. 13.
[10] Branco, p. 9-10.
[11] Branco, p. 12.
Zionism is anti-Christian
[16] Wacker, Grant. America’s Pastor: Billy Graham and the Shaping of a Nation, Harvard University Press, 2014, p. 2.
[17] https://abcnews.go.com/Politics/rev-billy-graham-counseled-president-truman/story?id=13583583
[18] Thomas, John. “Peace, Crusades and Pacification.” Evangelising the Nation: Religion and the Formation of Naga Political Identity, Routledge, 2015, p. 157.
[23] https://baptistnews.com/article/campolo-says-us-missionaries-too-close-to-cia/
[24] https://baptistnews.com/article/campolo-says-us-missionaries-too-close-to-cia/
Christians against Zionism
[25] Merkley, Paul Charles. The Politics of Christian Zionism, 1891-1948. Psychology Press, 1998, p. 66.
[26] Merkley, 66
[27] Merkley, 66
[28] Merkley, 66
[29] https://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/27/world/middleeast/27habash.html
[30] "Hawatmeh, Nayef (Abul Nouf) (1938-)". Palestinian Academic Society for the Study of International Affairs. https://web.archive.org/web/20231012012932/http://passia.org/personalities/349
[31] Harold M. Cubert. The PFLP's Changing Role in the Middle East. Routledge. 3 June 2014, p. 36.
[32] https://www.umcjustice.org/news-and-stories/a-conversation-with-u-s-rep-thomas-massie-619
[34] https://www.timesofisrael.com/gop-rep-lashes-aipac-for-foreign-interference-after-iron-dome-vote-attack-ad/
Christian Zionism erases the descendants of Christ’s early followers
[36] Diana Muir, "A Land without a People for a People without a Land", Middle Eastern Quarterly, Spring 2008, Vol. 15, No. 2
[38] https://fsspx.news/en/news/israel-journalist-dressed-franciscan-spat-upon-29579
[39] https://www.middleeasteye.net/news/israel-spitting-christians-jerusalem-not-criminal-ben-gvir
[40] https://www.catholicnewsagency.com/news/46808/gethsemane-church-targeted-in-arson-attack
[49] https://www.baptiststandard.com/news/world/gaza-baptists-report-damage-severe-shortages/
[51] https://web.archive.org/web/20221223164302/https://www.newarab.com/analysis/gazas-christian-minority-israels-unseen-victims
[52] https://web.archive.org/web/20240401083942/https://www.baptistpress.com/resource-library/news/gaza-baptists-no-longer-have-the-energy-to-suffer-church-leader-there-says/
[53] https://web.archive.org/web/20240401083942/https://www.baptistpress.com/resource-library/news/gaza-baptists-no-longer-have-the-energy-to-suffer-church-leader-there-says/
Against the slander of the Palestinian resistance, they are not your enemy
[56] https://web.archive.org/web/20180604043414/http://en.lpj.org/2015/04/21/fr-manuel-musallam/
[57] https://web.archive.org/web/20211217215009/https://www.30giorni.it/articoli_id_11226_l3.htm
[62] https://web.archive.org/web/20211217215009/https://www.30giorni.it/articoli_id_11226_l3.htm
[63] Ismail Haniyeh denounces Church attacks (Video; Associated Press)
[66] https://web.archive.org/web/20221223164302/https://www.newarab.com/analysis/gazas-christian-minority-israels-unseen-victims
glad Christians are waking up
من السودان: استمر في كشف الاعيب الصهاينة المخادعون الكاذبون